Vol 27. no 4
December 2022
Formation of anti-neutrophilic antibodies (ANCA) in the context of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs)
(summary)
Justyna Pastuszak, Marzena Garley
Summary
Anti-neutrophilic antibodies – ANCA are directed against a component of the cytoplasm of neutrophils, and their presence is observed in people with inflammation of the small vessels. These antibodies were discovered almost 40 years ago, but the mechanisms of their formation are not fully understood. Target antigens for ANCA antibodies, such as myeloperoxidases (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3), are part of the granules found in the cytoplasm of neutrophils. Neutrophils, playing an important role in the nonspecific immunity of the organism, can eject extracellular NETs traps when activated, which have the ability to immobilize and inactivate pathogens. The MPO and PR3 antigens exposed in NETs can be presented to the cells of the immune system and trigger the cascade of ANCA autoantibody formation, which in turn contributes to the looping of the neutrophil autoreactivity processes. The aim of the study was to explain the potential role of NETs in the production of ANCA antibodies.
Keywords: neutrophil, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), anti-neutrophilic antibodies (ANCA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), proteinase 3 (PR3)
Anti-neutrophilic antibodies – ANCA are directed against a component of the cytoplasm of neutrophils, and their presence is observed in people with inflammation of the small vessels. These antibodies were discovered almost 40 years ago, but the mechanisms of their formation are not fully understood. Target antigens for ANCA antibodies, such as myeloperoxidases (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3), are part of the granules found in the cytoplasm of neutrophils. Neutrophils, playing an important role in the nonspecific immunity of the organism, can eject extracellular NETs traps when activated, which have the ability to immobilize and inactivate pathogens. The MPO and PR3 antigens exposed in NETs can be presented to the cells of the immune system and trigger the cascade of ANCA autoantibody formation, which in turn contributes to the looping of the neutrophil autoreactivity processes. The aim of the study was to explain the potential role of NETs in the production of ANCA antibodies.
Keywords: neutrophil, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), anti-neutrophilic antibodies (ANCA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), proteinase 3 (PR3)
Copyright© by Mediton. All rights reserved. No part of this publications may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means now and hereafter known, electronic or printed without permission in writing from the Publisher.